Henri Matisse

Édouard Manet was born in Paris in 1832 and played a pivotal role in the transition from traditional academic painting to modern art. Trained in a classical studio, he challenged established conventions through his choice of subjects and bold pictorial style. Manet depicted contemporary life with a directness that often shocked audiences of his time. His work broke with idealized realism and emphasized flatness, contrast, and visible brushwork.

Although often associated with the Impressionists, Manet maintained an independent path and continued exhibiting at the official Salon. He drew inspiration from old masters while reinterpreting them in a modern context. His paintings frequently explore themes of urban life, leisure, and social tension. Manet faced strong criticism but also gained the respect of younger artists. He died in 1883. Today, he is recognized as a foundational figure of modern painting and artistic innovation.